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What do Circle Shearing Blades Mean?

Circle shearing blades, also known as rotary shear blades or circular shear knives, are circular cutting tools used in circle shearing machines. These machines are designed for cutting sheet metal, coils, and other materials into circular blanks, discs, or rings. Circle shearing blades typically work in pairs, with an upper and a lower circular blade rotating against each other to create a precise and clean cut. The term “circle shearing blades” clearly indicates their circular shape and their primary application in circle shearing processes.

Uses and Applications of Circle Shearing Blades

Circular shearing blades are essential in various metalworking industries for producing circular shapes from sheet metal and coils. Their key applications include:

• Blanking: Cutting circular blanks from sheet metal for further processing, such as stamping, forming, or drawing.
• Disc Cutting: Producing discs for various applications, including automotive parts, appliance components, and industrial machinery.
• Ring Cutting: Creating rings and washers from sheet metal or coils.
• Slitting (Circular): In some specialized applications, circular blades can be used for slitting wider metal sheets into narrower strips.
• Gasket Manufacturing: Cutting circular gaskets from various materials, including rubber, cork, and non-metallic sheets, in addition to thin metals.
• Can Manufacturing: Cutting circular ends for cans.
• Автомобильная промышленность: Producing circular parts for vehicles.
• HVAC Industry: Manufacturing circular components for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems.

Common Materials for Circular Shear Knives

The materials used for circle shearing blades must possess high hardness, wear resistance, and toughness to withstand the forces involved in cutting metal and to maintain a sharp cutting edge for accurate and clean cuts. Common materials include:

• Инструментальная сталь (например, D2, A2, O1): Offers a good balance of hardness, wear resistance, and toughness, suitable for shearing various types of sheet metal, including mild steel and some non-ferrous metals. D2 steel is particularly popular for its wear resistance.
• High-Speed Steel (HSS) (e.g., M2, M4): Provides excellent wear resistance and the ability to retain hardness at elevated temperatures, making it suitable for higher-speed shearing and for cutting harder metals.
• Powder Metallurgy Steels (PM) (e.g., ASP, CPM 10V): Offer superior wear resistance and toughness compared to conventional tool steels, extending blade life, especially when processing more demanding or abrasive materials.
• Carbide Inlaid or Solid Carbide: Provides exceptional hardness and wear resistance, ideal for high-volume production and for shearing harder or more abrasive metals, significantly increasing blade life and reducing downtime for sharpening.

Circle shearing blades are precision ground to achieve the required sharpness and dimensional accuracy. The bevel angle of the cutting edge is critical and is determined by the type and thickness of the material being cut. Proper heat treatment to achieve the optimal hardness is essential for maximizing blade performance and lifespan.

Common Circle Shearing Blade Shapes

Circle shearing blades are primarily circular but can have variations in their edge profiles and overall design to optimize cutting performance:

• Flat Circular Blades: Simple, disc-shaped blades with a flat cutting edge. The bevel on the cutting edge can be single or double depending on the application.
• Beveled Edge Circular Blades: The cutting edge is angled to create a shear point. The angle of the bevel is crucial for clean cutting and depends on the material thickness and hardness.
• Dished Circular Blades: Circular blades with a concave or convex profile, often used to control material flow or to provide clearance during the cutting process.
• Segmented Circular Blades: Blades made up of replaceable segments, often used for larger diameters or when frequent replacement of cutting edges is necessary.
• Bolt Hole Configurations: The center of the blade typically has a bore and may include bolt holes for secure mounting onto the shearing machine. The size and configuration of these mounting features vary depending on the machine design.

The working principle of circle shearing blades involves two circular blades mounted on rotating shafts, with a precise gap between them. The sheet metal or coil is fed between these rotating blades. As the blades rotate, the material is sheared progressively along a circular path. The speed of rotation, the feed rate of the material, the sharpness and profile of the blade edges, and the gap between the blades all contribute to the quality and accuracy of the circular cut. Proper alignment and maintenance of the circle shearing blades are crucial for achieving clean, burr-free edges and maximizing blade life.

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