원형 칼, also known as rotary blades or disc knives, are cutting tools with a circular shape and a sharpened outer edge. They are designed to cut materials through a rotary motion, often against a counter blade or anvil. The term “circular knives” is broad and encompasses a wide variety of disc-shaped cutting tools used across numerous industries for slicing, slitting, perforating, and scoring various materials. Their rotating action allows for continuous and efficient cutting, making them ideal for high-speed production processes.
Uses and Applications of Circular Knives
원형 칼 find extensive applications across a multitude of industries due to their efficiency and versatility in cutting various materials. Some key uses include:
제지 및 가공 산업: Slitting rolls of paper, film, foil, and nonwovens into narrower widths. Sheeting continuous webs of these materials into individual sheets. Perforating paper and film for easy tearing.
포장 산업: Cutting and trimming flexible packaging materials, labels, and cardboard. Slitting plastic films and laminates.
식품 가공: Slicing meats, cheeses, vegetables, and bakery products. Trimming edges of processed foods.
섬유 산업: Cutting fabrics, nonwovens, and fibers. Slitting rolls of textiles into narrower widths.
Leather Industry: Cutting hides and leather into specific shapes and sizes.
고무 및 플라스틱 산업: Slitting and cutting rubber sheets, plastic films, and profiles.
Metal작업: Slitting metal coils into narrower strips. Scoring metal sheets for bending.
재활용 산업: Shredding and cutting various materials for recycling processes.
의료 및 제약: Cutting medical dressings, films, and other materials.
위생용품: Cutting nonwovens for diapers, wipes, and other hygiene products.
Label and Tape Manufacturing: Slitting wide rolls of labels and tapes into narrower widths.
Common Materials for Circular Knives
The choice of material for circular knives depends heavily on the material being cut, the speed of operation, and the required lifespan of the blade. Common materials include:
탄소강: Suitable for less demanding applications and cutting softer materials. Offers good sharpness.
고속도강 (HSS) Provides improved wear resistance and can maintain sharpness at higher speeds compared to carbon steel. Various grades like M2 and M42 offer different levels of performance.
합금 공구강(예: D2, A2): Offers a good balance of hardness, toughness, and wear resistance, suitable for cutting thicker and more abrasive materials.
텅스텐 카바이드: Offers exceptional hardness and wear resistance, ideal for high-speed and high-volume cutting of abrasive materials like reinforced paper, fiberglass, and certain metals. Can be used as solid carbide blades or as carbide-tipped inserts.
Ceramics: Used in specialized applications requiring extreme hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, such as cutting abrasive synthetic fibers or in environments where metallic contamination is a concern.
스테인리스 스틸: Offers good corrosion resistance, important in food processing and medical applications. Different grades provide varying degrees of hardness and wear resistance.
Coatings such as titanium nitride (TiN), chromium nitride (CrN), or diamond-like carbon (DLC) can be applied to enhance surface hardness, reduce friction, and extend the life of circular knives, especially when dealing with abrasive or sticky materials.
Common Circular Knife Shapes
원형 칼 come in a wide array of shapes and edge configurations to optimize cutting performance for specific applications. Common shapes include:
Solid Disc Knives: 날카롭게 다듬어진 외날을 가진 단순한 일체형 원형 칼날입니다. 칼날은 직선형, 경사형(단일 또는 이중), 또는 곡면형으로 제작될 수 있습니다.
삽입형 블레이드 나이프: 강철 본체에 카바이드와 같은 경질 소재로 제작된 교체형 절삭 인서트를 장착하여 마모된 절삭날을 비용 효율적으로 교체할 수 있습니다.
점수 칼 (크러쉬 컷 칼): 한 쌍으로 사용하는데, 한쪽 또는 양쪽 칼날이 둥글거나 윤곽이 있는 날이 있어 매끄러운 모루에 대고 눌러 종이나 얇은 필름과 같은 재료에 점수나 압착 절단을 만듭니다.
전단 절단 칼: Used in pairs with overlapping, sharp edges that create a clean scissor-like cut. The overlap and side force are critical for clean cutting.
Perforating Knives: Circular blades with teeth or специально designed protrusions to create lines of perforations. The size, shape, and spacing of the teeth determine the perforation pattern.
Slitting Knives: Often thin, sharp-edged circular blades used for slitting rolls of material. The edge can be razor-sharp for thin films or more robust for thicker materials.
Dished Knives: Circular blades with a concave or convex profile, often used for slitting or trimming operations where material tension needs to be controlled.
Toothed Knives: Circular blades with various tooth patterns for specific cutting actions, such as tearing or rough cutting.
The working principle of circular knives involves rotary motion combined with controlled pressure against the material being cut. The sharpness and geometry of the cutting edge, along with the speed of rotation and the material properties, determine the quality and efficiency of the cut. In many applications, circular knives work in conjunction with anvils, counter blades, or other rollers to provide support and ensure a clean cut.