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What do Circular Knives Mean?

Kreismesser, also known as rotary blades or disc knives, are cutting tools with a circular shape and a sharpened outer edge. They are designed to cut materials through a rotary motion, often against a counter blade or anvil. The term “circular knives” is broad and encompasses a wide variety of disc-shaped cutting tools used across numerous industries for slicing, slitting, perforating, and scoring various materials. Their rotating action allows for continuous and efficient cutting, making them ideal for high-speed production processes.

Uses and Applications of Circular Knives

Kreismesser find extensive applications across a multitude of industries due to their efficiency and versatility in cutting various materials. Some key uses include:

• Paper and Converting Industries: Slitting rolls of paper, film, foil, and nonwovens into narrower widths. Sheeting continuous webs of these materials into individual sheets. Perforating paper and film for easy tearing.
• Verpackungsindustrie: Cutting and trimming flexible packaging materials, labels, and cardboard. Slitting plastic films and laminates.
• Lebensmittelverarbeitung: Slicing meats, cheeses, vegetables, and bakery products. Trimming edges of processed foods.
• Textilindustrie: Cutting fabrics, nonwovens, and fibers. Slitting rolls of textiles into narrower widths.
• Lederindustrie: Cutting hides and leather into specific shapes and sizes.
• Rubber and Plastics Industries: Slitting and cutting rubber sheets, plastic films, and profiles.
• MetalArbeiten: Slitting metal coils into narrower strips. Scoring metal sheets for bending.
• Recyclingindustrie: Shredding and cutting various materials for recycling processes.
• Medical and Pharmaceutical: Cutting medical dressings, films, and other materials.
• Hygiene Products: Cutting nonwovens for diapers, wipes, and other hygiene products.
• Label and Tape Manufacturing: Slitting wide rolls of labels and tapes into narrower widths.

Common Materials for Circular Knives

The choice of material for circular knives depends heavily on the material being cut, the speed of operation, and the required lifespan of the blade. Common materials include:

• Kohlenstoffstahl: Suitable for less demanding applications and cutting softer materials. Offers good sharpness.
• Schnellarbeitsstahl (HSS) Provides improved wear resistance and can maintain sharpness at higher speeds compared to carbon steel. Various grades like M2 and M42 offer different levels of performance.
• Legierter Werkzeugstahl (z. B. D2, A2): Offers a good balance of hardness, toughness, and wear resistance, suitable for cutting thicker and more abrasive materials.
• Wolframkarbid: Offers exceptional hardness and wear resistance, ideal for high-speed and high-volume cutting of abrasive materials like reinforced paper, fiberglass, and certain metals. Can be used as solid carbide blades or as carbide-tipped inserts.
• Ceramics: Used in specialized applications requiring extreme hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, such as cutting abrasive synthetic fibers or in environments where metallic contamination is a concern.
• Edelstahl: Offers good corrosion resistance, important in food processing and medical applications. Different grades provide varying degrees of hardness and wear resistance.

Coatings such as titanium nitride (TiN), chromium nitride (CrN), or diamond-like carbon (DLC) can be applied to enhance surface hardness, reduce friction, and extend the life of circular knives, especially when dealing with abrasive or sticky materials.

Common Circular Knife Shapes

Kreismesser come in a wide array of shapes and edge configurations to optimize cutting performance for specific applications. Common shapes include:

• Solid Disc Knives: Simple, one-piece circular blades with a sharpened outer edge. The edge can be straight, bevelled (single or double), or have a radius.
• Inserted Blade Knives: Feature replaceable cutting inserts made of harder materials like carbide, mounted on a steel body. This allows for cost-effective replacement of the wearing cutting edge.
• Scored Knives (Crush Cut Knives): Used in pairs, where one or both knives have a rounded or profiled edge that presses against a smooth anvil to create a score or crush cut in materials like paper or thin films.
• Shear Cut Knives: Used in pairs with overlapping, sharp edges that create a clean scissor-like cut. The overlap and side force are critical for clean cutting.
• Perforating Knives: Circular blades with teeth or специально designed protrusions to create lines of perforations. The size, shape, and spacing of the teeth determine the perforation pattern.
• Slitting Knives: Often thin, sharp-edged circular blades used for slitting rolls of material. The edge can be razor-sharp for thin films or more robust for thicker materials.
• Dished Knives: Circular blades with a concave or convex profile, often used for slitting or trimming operations where material tension needs to be controlled.
• Toothed Knives: Circular blades with various tooth patterns for specific cutting actions, such as tearing or rough cutting.

The working principle of circular knives involves rotary motion combined with controlled pressure against the material being cut. The sharpness and geometry of the cutting edge, along with the speed of rotation and the material properties, determine the quality and efficiency of the cut. In many applications, circular knives work in conjunction with anvils, counter blades, or other rollers to provide support and ensure a clean cut.

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